Finish

Finishing in General

Finishing involves the final steps in leather processing, where the surface properties and appearance can be customized according to one's preferences. This process includes not only coloring, but also impregnation, ironing, and embossing. Some characteristics such as softness, fullness, and texture are already influenced during the previous steps, referred to as "wet finishing." There are also pull-up leathers that have been treated with waxes or oils — this is known as wax or oil finishing.

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1. Priming

As the first step, a primer is applied to open-pored aniline leathers to "fill" the open pores. This allows for better color distribution and prevents the leather from absorbing the pigment. Another benefit of priming is that it helps the pigment layer adhere properly to the surface.

Priming Finishing

2. The Color Layer

Once the primer has been applied, the color layer follows. This layer consists of pigments and binders and is also referred to as pigmentation, finishing, or surface dyeing.

Color Layer Finishing

3. Top Coat

On top of the color layer comes the top coat, also known as the finish or dressing. This is a type of clear coat that protects the binder color from rubbing off and fading. The top coat also allows you to define the level of gloss and the feel of the leather. For matte leather, a matting agent is added to the top coat or color. This matte finish is commonly used for car leather and dashboard coverings.

Top Coat Finishing

4. Ironing and Embossing

After these steps, the leather can be ironed and/or embossed. Ironing smoothens the leather and can also enhance its shine. Additionally, ironed leather tends to be more resistant and easier to care for. Embossing gives the leather a new grain pattern or surface texture through pressing or rolling.

Ironing Embossing Finishing